The Orangutans

INTRODUCTION Do you know this animal guys? Yes, u’re alright, this cute animal has name â€Å"Orangutan†. And do you know where we can find these animal? Of course in the forest, it’s a mistake if you say it can be found at your home or in Unesa’s area! hehe.. The question I mean is â€Å"Do you know where country they can survive alive? † OK,, I think you will understand after this presentation, because in this presentation we are going to talk much about this animal and the reality how they can be threatened in nowadays. Orangutans are the only exclusively Asian genus of extant great ape. They have proportionally longer arms than the other, more terrestrial, and great apes. They are among the most intelligent primates and use a variety of sophisticated tools, they also can make sleeping nests each night from branches and foliage. So, it’s not stranger if they are often called as â€Å"the human of forest†. You know guys, Orangutans are now found only in Sumatra and Borneo, in Southeast Asia. Nowadays, the biggest threat that is faced by the habitat of orangutans is a decreasing of their habitat because the rain forest where they live is used as palm oil, mining and trees felled for timber. Orangutans have lost 80% of the habitat in less than 20 years. Indonesia is one country that has reduced the number of the world's largest tropical forest. There are no signs that show reduced rates of deforestation. About 15 years ago, there were approximately 1. million hectares of forest area that continues to cut down every year in Indonesia, and continue to grow in 2000 as many as 2 million hectare. Legal and illegal loggings have affected the depreciation amount of forest in Indonesia. The opening of the forest as oil fields in Indonesia also has resulted in millions of hectares of forest clearing, and it will happen later to all the plain forests which are not protected. As an information, we have to know that Indonesia is a ‘home' for 90 percent of the remaining species w ild orangutans that have habitat in the tropical rain forest. But the forests in Indonesia for 50 years has been much reduced because of illegal logging, land clearing for oil palm industry, paper and pulp. Consequently, these orangutans have lost their homes, and forced to scramble land with humans, that ultimately lead to conflict. And this conflict really happened in Kalimantan, it has recently been reported that there was a massive slaughter of orangutans in Kalimantan. The existence of endangered orangutans in East Kalimantan has been even more endangered. They continue to be slaughtered, as the impact of forest clearing for oil palm plantation. According to the results of a recent survey, people who live on the Indonesian side of Borneo or Kalimantan, have killed at least 750 orangutans in a year. The beginning point of orangutans slaughter is originated from a palm oil company of Malaysia that plans to plant oil palm there, they held deforestation which reached thousands hectares of forest. As a result, habitat for animals, especially orangutans in the forest habitat becomes damaged. They will lose their homes and their food sources. So that, they survived their lives by eating the buds of palm oil that has been planted. This makes the company owners furious, they decide orangutan is a pest and must be destroyed. One of witness even said that the company promised to pay anyone who managed to kill and persecute the orangutans will be paid 500 thousand to 1 million rupiahs. So, that triggers the local society to do the hunting of orangutans with various ways to get that reward. This is basically what this paper are going to talk. This paper will give a complete and detail analysis from the information above of the case of the orangutan slughter problem by giving the prediction of the negative effect that are going to be hapenned if this condition continues. This paper will also give some opinion based on the analysis,who to be responsible for this case,and what to do to recover this bad condition by giving some recommendation to the government.

Class President Speech

†¢Good evening, Mr. Robinson, Ms. Divine, distinguished Candidates and I’m honored to know many of you too well to call you Ladies and Gentlemen†¦Errhhhmmmm. Class of 2014, I’m going to be straight with you. I’m not superman, I cant stop world hunger, convince Mr. Roach to give a free day, teach my roommate Coulter to dance or even bobsled. I can try but it would really take a miracle to teach Coulter how to bust a move. Just look at him. †¢I’m running for class president. Many of you may not even know what the class president does and some probably forgot we even had one.Nevertheless, I’m here to challenge first myself and then you. The challenge is to uphold the principles of a School culture based on(Listen up(someone in crowd), 3 important values) Community, School spirit and Accountability. †¢Our number one responsibility is to our school and by this I mean school and class collaboration. It would buuurn to see the last seme ster of Junior year just fizzle. I want people to be interested and involved, and I’m willing to challenge myself to go the distance to motivate our class. We are the Junior Class of 2014.In 3 short months this is our school. My aim is to make you feel more appreciated, more recognized and more supported. †¢ Another principle of mine, Accountability. Were a class with the collaborative potential to enact anything we desire. As a Junior straight out of Jamaica I bring a whole new perspective. You see, serving as Student Council president at my last school involved far more formality. Impromptu announcements in front of 1600 students weekly, organizing fund raisers, talent shows, school clean ups and alumni concerts.These were all stepping stones to this opportunity. If elected I will make this position more than just a formality because I truly want this year to be special for us and I want to set precedents that will make junior year distinctive for every future class. à ¢â‚¬ ¢Community- My last, favorite and shortest point. I have plans to utilize the connectedness of our class to brainstorm fundraising plans that bring out the excitement, spirit and energy of this class. †¢Class of 2014, if you vote wisely tonight we will continue to make being a St. Andrean something incredible. Class President Speech †¢Good evening, Mr. Robinson, Ms. Divine, distinguished Candidates and I’m honored to know many of you too well to call you Ladies and Gentlemen†¦Errhhhmmmm. Class of 2014, I’m going to be straight with you. I’m not superman, I cant stop world hunger, convince Mr. Roach to give a free day, teach my roommate Coulter to dance or even bobsled. I can try but it would really take a miracle to teach Coulter how to bust a move. Just look at him. †¢I’m running for class president. Many of you may not even know what the class president does and some probably forgot we even had one.Nevertheless, I’m here to challenge first myself and then you. The challenge is to uphold the principles of a School culture based on(Listen up(someone in crowd), 3 important values) Community, School spirit and Accountability. †¢Our number one responsibility is to our school and by this I mean school and class collaboration. It would buuurn to see the last seme ster of Junior year just fizzle. I want people to be interested and involved, and I’m willing to challenge myself to go the distance to motivate our class. We are the Junior Class of 2014.In 3 short months this is our school. My aim is to make you feel more appreciated, more recognized and more supported. †¢ Another principle of mine, Accountability. Were a class with the collaborative potential to enact anything we desire. As a Junior straight out of Jamaica I bring a whole new perspective. You see, serving as Student Council president at my last school involved far more formality. Impromptu announcements in front of 1600 students weekly, organizing fund raisers, talent shows, school clean ups and alumni concerts.These were all stepping stones to this opportunity. If elected I will make this position more than just a formality because I truly want this year to be special for us and I want to set precedents that will make junior year distinctive for every future class. à ¢â‚¬ ¢Community- My last, favorite and shortest point. I have plans to utilize the connectedness of our class to brainstorm fundraising plans that bring out the excitement, spirit and energy of this class. †¢Class of 2014, if you vote wisely tonight we will continue to make being a St. Andrean something incredible. Class President Speech Biology Assignment 5 Question 1 The pancreas is a large gland, situated in the peritoneal cavity, in the curve of the duodenum. It is the pancreas that is responsible for aiding the body’s endocrine system. (Darlington College 2011). The pancreas releases two endocrine hormones and it is these hormones that ensure the blood glucose levels within the body are constantly controlled. These hormones are glucagon and insulin and they are secreted from tiny clusters of cells within the pancreas, know as the islets of Langerhans. Glucagon is a hyper- glycaemic hormone, secreted by the islets alpha cells.Its main function is to increase the level of glucose in the blood. This is a vital process when blood sugar levels become low. Glucagon stimulates the liver to break down its excess glycogen into glucose. The glucose then passes into the blood stream and the homeostasis of blood glucose level is restored. Insulin is a hypo- glycaemic hormone that is secreted by the islets beta cells, in response to high blood glucose levels. Insulin decreases the level of glucose in the blood by stimulating its uptake by the skeletal muscles, liver and adipose cells.The skeletal muscles uptake glucose, to give energy for movement and the glucose that travels to the liver is converted into glycogen, and stored here until it is needed. The adipose cells use glucose for cell metabolism. Once sufficient glucose has been removed from the blood, the beta cells slow the secretion of insulin, so that homeostasis is again restored. (Glenn, 2005, pg84). Both insulin and glucagon are vital to ensure that the body constantly has enough fuel to supply its cells with the energy needed to enable them to function normally. Question 2 Peter’s normal blood glucose concentration will be approximately 4. mmol. After he eats his balanced meal his blood sugar levels will rise to around 8. 0mmol. This is because Peter’s meal will contain carbohydrates. In response to this rise in blood sugar levels insulin is secreted by Peter’s pancreas’s beta cells. The release of insulin facilitates the entry of glucose into his body cells and this vital process maintains the energy levels within the cell. When glucose is absorbed in the cells, the blood sugar levels fall again. This occurs because the excess sugar, present in the carbohydrates in Peter’s meal, that caused his blood sugar levels to rise, has been used up.This is what allows the blood glucose concentration to return to normal. (Glenn, 2005, pg85). When peters blood sugar levels drop, because he needs more food, glucagon is released from the pancreas alpha cells in response. Glucagon is a hormone that calls on the liver, which has its own glucose store, in the form of glycogen. Glycogen will release from the liver to allow the blood sugar to rise until it returns back to its normal rate. (Bowen, 2002). It is vital that Peter’s blood glucose levels are maintained at a normal rate, in-be tween his meals as large fluctuations in these levels can cause convulsions and could even induce a coma.Question 3 The body’s internal environment is constantly controlled and balanced by homeostasis. Homeostasis is the condition of equilibrium that is maintained through the body’s response to a change in conditions. There are many regulating systems within the body that work together to constantly control the internal environment. The nervous system and the endocrine system work very closely alongside one another to keep the body normal and in balance. Feedback systems are vital in keeping the body regulated. All feedback systems are made up of a receptor, a control centre and an effector.The receptor is able to detect any changes that may have occurred and send a message to the brain to tell it that it needs to respond. The brain acts as the control centre and is responsible for evaluating the messages it receives from the receptors. Once the messages have been proc essed the control centre generates a command, if one is needed. The commands are received by the effectors, which produce a response that is then able to change the controlled condition. (Darlington College 2011). A negative feedback system reverses the change in a controlled condition.When the body’s blood glucose levels fall too low, specialised receptors pick up this information and relay it the hypothalamus part of the brain, which forms the control centre. The hypothalamus then activates the response of the effector that allows the body’s blood glucose level to rise. When the levels become within normal range the receptors stop picking up the messages and no longer send them to the hypothalamus. This prevents the blood glucose levels then becoming too high and enables homeostasis of the internal environment to be restored. (Darlington College 2011). Question 4The body’s endocrine and nervous systems work very closely together to form the body’s major communication system. If a problem arises with one of these systems, homeostasis is upset. For instance: If the islets beta cells do not produce any insulin, such as in diabetes, the blood sugar levels will just continue to rise. This would cause extremely high blood sugar levels which would in turn go on to affect the body’s nervous system and could result in a coma occurring. The nervous system works in conjunction with the endocrine system by using nerve impulses and rapidly responding to stimuli, in order to adjust body processes.The integration of these systems is what enables homeostasis to constantly be maintained. (Facey, 2002). Reference List Bowen, R. (2002)The Endocrine Pancreas. http://www. vivo. colostate. edu/hbooks/pathphys/endocrine/pancreas/index. html [10. 5. 2011]. Darlington College (2011) The Endocrine System. [21. 5. 2011]. Facey, D. (2002) The Nervous System. http://www. cartage. org. lb/en/themes/sciences/zoology/animalphysiology/nervoussystem/nervous system. htm [31. 5. 2011]. Glenn, J. (2005) Black’s Concise Atlas of Human Anatomy. London: A&C Black Publishers Ltd.

My Antonia and Huckleberry Finn Essay

Characters from various books that may or may not have anything to do with one another can be similar and different in many ways. Huckleberry Finn from The Adventures of Tom Sawyer by Mark Twain, and Antonia Shimerda from My Antonia by Willa Cather are similar in a variety of ways, however they have important differences. Huckleberry Finn is always ready to go on any type of adventure with his best friend Tom Sawyer. Also, the pair are extremely superstitious. Huck is discriminated against for a myriad of reasons. Some being, he is the son of the town drunk, so the adults frown upon him. Because of his father’s lifestyle he is basically an orphan, he has to find his own food, clothes, and a place to sleep. He also does not attend church or school. Opposite to that, the boys of the town envy him for his freedom and lack of discipline. The Widow Douglass who lives in town offers Huck a place to stay. She says he can live in her house, and with the money from the treasure he and Tom found she would be able to support him. Tom encouraged Huck to take advantage of this offer while he could. This was a hard decision for Huck to make because he is not willing to give up his independence that he is accustomed to. He lives with the widow for a short period of time then decides he enjoys being on his own and is willing to face the hardships of life by himself to maintain his freedom. Antonia Shimerda is extremely generous and optimistic. Through the hardships of immigrating to America from Bohemia, her father committing suicide, and her fiance leaving her before they get married, and at this time she is pregnant, she never looses hope. She looks for the best in every situation and tries to find a solution for everything. Everyday she has to face racial and gender discrimination. She is judged brutally by the townspeople because of her love for dance. Her and her family, which now consists of her mother, brothers and sisters, have to face the difficulties of life after the death of their father along with the difficulties of living in a new country. Her and her family are living in poverty, and are trying extremely hard just to survive. Later, Antonia works as a servant. Her boss does not like her habit of attending the dances she enjoys going to. He threatens to fire her if she continues to attend these dances. She loves her independence too much to let someone take it away. So she works for a brutal boss and suffers so she can have her independence and go to her dances. Huckleberry Finn and Antonia Shimerda have many similarities and differences. They have very different characteristics, however they both face many hardships, discrimination on a daily basis, and they both value their independence a lot that they would rather live harder lives so they can be independent.

Soil concentration Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Soil concentration - Essay Example High concentrations of Cl- destabilize membranes and denatured proteins, which is toxic for plants through soil degradation (Huang 17). Due to the decreased water permeability and porosity, it leads to water deficit in plant’s leaves. This inhibits metabolism and plant growth, hence making Cl- harmful to plants. It leads to misplacement of Ca2+ from cell wall and reducing the latter’s activity occurring on the apoplast, reducing salinity balance in plasma membrane. Increase in CL- and Na+ in the membrane can block the detoxification process (Huang 74). However, there are some soil tolerant plants, commonly referred to as halophytes, which have a higher endurance than the less tolerance ones (glycophyte) (Huang 75). Salinity of soils in natural environments is mainly caused by the upstream movement of seawater to rivers, which supply plants with water. However in far inland places, natural seepage occurs from geologic marine deposits that wash salt into surrounding areas. Transpiration and evaporation can also extract water through vapor, leading to an increase in soil solution. It is also possible for water droplets that move from the ocean to disperse and later evaporate, causing salinity. Therefore, the distance to saline water from a sidewalk differs and is determined by assorted factors (Levy, Guy, Pinchas

Vin Diesel Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Vin Diesel - Essay Example This research will begin with the statement that Vin Diesel is an incredibly well-known actor for his big-budget movie roles in movies like â€Å"xXx,† â€Å"The Fast and the Furious† and other such large-scale action movies.   Probably the greatest sign that Vin Diesel is not at all who you thought he was from his big budget films comes from the film â€Å"Multi-Facial† which he wrote, directed and starred in when he was unable to be cast in any movies in Hollywood.   This is a film about how it can be very hard for someone with a multi-ethnic background to be cast into movies, because they will either be called â€Å"too white† or â€Å"too black† for a lot of the parts, and though they could possibly pass for Hispanic they do not have the accent or the language skills to keep up with real Hispanics in a film role.   Vin Diesel did almost every part of this film himself for a budget of only $4000, and it was eventually accepted into the Cann es Film Festival in 1995.   Vin Diesel even wrote and performed all of the music for this piece, showing that he really has a wide array of talents.   At the Cannes Film Festival, Steven Spielberg saw this film and was truly impressed, and eventually decided to write a part for Diesel in the incredibly well received Saving Private Ryan.   Added to this is Vin Diesel’s amazing amount of popular appeal.   He has been a star in a lot of highly successful Hollywood movies, most notably â€Å"xXx† and â€Å"The Fast and the Furious.†Ã‚  

China Economic Growth Since 1949 Research Paper

China Economic Growth Since 1949 - Research Paper Example In 2010 Republic’s per capital GDP was $7, 544. The coastal areas of china are being the major part of its economic importance rather than hinterlands which are under developed. After the founding of Republic of China in 1949, the first three decades carried out under planned economic targets. Whereas the last three decades, mainly the result of the radical reform of its economic system. While watching through lens, China’s economy is facing major challenges. For every country being powerful, It should have improved technologies, far better resources, war technology, competent laborer, a small amount corruption and crime. This stuff isn't only with china but additionally through India that has enormous natural assets, many experts, and India being the largest consumer of arms and ammunition among all of the developing countries, but even then the fact India lagging behind and why china is at front of each developing country? How come china a much more powerful economy? Here are a few within the basic causes of china being the fastest growing economy (Carsten, 2003). Economic strategy within the first 30 years following the founding of PRC in 1949, the Chinese government completed quite organized economy; goals and proportion for a number of spheres of economic progression were established through the "planning committees" from the state. Industrial facilities produced goods based on state plans, and farmers planned and planted crops also based on state plans. Commercial sectors replenished and sold their stocks based on state plans, and also the qualities, quantities and costs of the goods fixed by organizing departments. This technique added towards the stable, planned growth and development of China's economy, it organized the introduction of the economy and sapped its vitality. During last 30 years when private possession of companies rarely existed once these reforms began, private firms currently take into account about 60% of overall product ion. As ownership, is just one aspect of the financial system? China’s financial system has transformed significantly in different ways too. Decision-making about consumption and production has typically been decentralized to individual households and firms, respectively; financial incentives, markets, competition, and internationalization need to a substantial extent replaced command, management processes, monopoly, and autarky. In most cases, China’s reform period is a marked contemporary instance of the traditional lesson that unleashing individual effort has a tendency to strengthen economic development . The question â€Å"why china is growing so fast?† is easy to answer while looking critically at the state control of all productive assets. In 1978, Chinese government embarked on a great program of economic reform.  In an effort to awaken a dormant economic giant, this motivated the formation of rural enterprises, private businesses, liberalized overseas trade and investment, peaceful state management over a few prices, invested in industrial production and the education of its labor force. By nearly all accounts, the tactic has worked spectacularly. During pre-1978 China saw annual development of 6%, while in post-1978 China spotted actual median development of more than 9 % annually. In a number of peak years, the economy increased a lot more than 13 %. Per capita income has nearly quadrupled within the last many years, and some analysts are even predicting how the Chinese economy is going to be higher than those of America in two decades. Such growth rate can compare very favorably to the particular "Asian tigers" Hong Kong, Korea, Singapore, and Taiwan Province of China, which likes a group, had a typical rate of growth of 7-8 % during the last many year

International Relations look at the instruction Essay

International Relations look at the instruction - Essay Example In such a situation, the existence of US forces serves to be a balance of power in the region. This paper peeps into these aspects and also highlights the importance of multilateral arrangements for the promotion of security in the region. There has been an ever-increasing international concern, particularly on the part of the United States, regarding the state of security in the Asia Pacific region. United States has had vested interests in military deployment during the Cold War as to the influence of Russia in the region. After the Cold War, the American military existence and its continuity in the East Asian countries happens to be a debatable issue, owing to the perceived future friction among the states. Ball (1994, p87) states that, "one of the unfortunate consequences of the end of the Cold War is the likely increase in regional conflict". The existence and influence of US military forces in the Asia Pacific region acts as a buffer to protect the region from any possible contravention arising among the powerful states such as China, Japan etc. After the end of the Cold War, uncertainty concerning the state of regional security happens to be a constant factor. Many countries in the region comprehend the military power and influence of other countries as threatening to their national interests, hence creating a lack of cooperation among the states for regional peace. The most important element in this case happens to be the unprecedented growth of China as the regional power and rising concerns of East Asian countries regarding their national security. Several Asian Pacific countries have remained in alliance with the United States so as to curtail the political and military threats posed by China. Pablo-Baviera (2003, p343) elaborates that, "for Japan, Australia, the Philippines, Thailand, and even Singapore, alliances are seen as part of a hedging strategy in the event that the trajectory of China's development results in it becoming aggressive towards neighbors". This indicates a heightening sense of insecurity in the region concerning the possible consequences of aggression on the part of China towards these countries. In turn, these countries regard their alliance with the US forces as significant for the regional balance of power. Pablo-Baviera (2003, p343) also exposits that, "South Korea appears to be an exception in terms of perceptions of a China threat. The main role of its alliance with the United States is perceived as preventing aggression by North Korea against itself". The major challenge seen by South Korea encompasses the possibility of any action on the part of North Korea to despoil its national sovereignty. North Korea has, in essence, remained detached from the wave of cooperation in the region. Furthermore, the country's passion towards the expansion of its nuclear program causes profound terror to its neighboring countries. Cossa and Khanna (1997, p232) says that, "the isolation of North Korea and its hostility towards the South is one of the uncertain question facing regional relations". This contributes significantly to the regional instability by disengaging countries from collaborating with each other. With respect to North Korean nuclear progression, United States shares the same concern s on security issues, as this goes against the country's own national interests as well. This element

Health Care in America, the Incurable Debate Essay

Health Care in America, the Incurable Debate - Essay Example (Klein, 2012). Republicans question the figures but can pretty much live with the rest or watered-down versions of it. The individual mandate is at the heart of the debate. It is this part that sent the law to the High Court and, depending on which side characterizes it, is an egregious infringement on liberty or a fair and necessary part of the legislation. The individual mandate, which legally obliges all who can afford it to buy health care insurance based on a sliding income scale, was conceived during the 1990’s version of the health care debate. First Lady Hillary Clinton was tasked with the immense issue of health care reform in an attempt to design a bill that would cover more people while curbing costs. During this contentious, highly partisan debate the Republicans demanded that individual responsibility was written into the law and favored the individual mandate. Democrats hesitated at first but relented in an effort to pass something, even a much smaller version th an they initially envisioned. Fast forward 15 years. Tea Party Republicans have made the mandate a centerpiece of their argument against reforming the overly costly system. They claim the ACA is a â€Å"government takeover of health care.† (Goozner, 2010). Republicans also claim the mandate is unconstitutional. They contend states have the authority but not the federal government. That’s why people can be forced to carry auto insurance. It’s a state requirement. Democrats might say they didn’t take that position when they conceived it themselves just a few years ago and point to the Interstate Commerce Clause as legal justification for the mandate. Americans’ opinion of the mandate has changed along party lines, of course,... Health care reform is literally a life and death issue both for people and the economy. The present system, prior to the full implementation of the ACA, is costing citizens their health and contributing to the National Debt. Something must be done. If not the ACA then what? If the country is waiting on Republicans to fix the system they have a long wait. Health care is not their priority as evidenced by the previous administrations complete failure to address the topic at all. It is difficult for Washington to tackle a complex issue such as health care and seldom politically advantageous. The Democrats tried but failed during the 1990’s and have tried again, each time struggling to pass a bill against a concerted and organized campaign to defeat it, a campaign of obvious lies and propaganda, the â€Å"death panels’ to kill your grandmother misinformation for example. Because of this scare tactic health care reform, so essential to people and the nation, may again go do wn in defeat and must wait for another Democratic administration to try yet another time.

Entrepreneurship and enterprise Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Entrepreneurship and enterprise - Essay Example Aileen possesses several good business skills which might be of great help. The most outstanding feature of her character is being persuasive and persistent. Without this skill, she would have left the idea without development after facing the first serious obstacle. Being active member of the Community Action Group, Aileen has showed her ability to be the team player. They have set the goal (increase the governmental involvement and responsibility for such events) and they completed the campaign successfully. Moreover, being able to influence people using excellent oral communication skills is of great help for any entrepreneur. As it was mentioned several times in the case, she has met with the Prince of Wales and managed to receive his encouragement as well as important contacts. The ability to identify, contact and persuade the authority figures are the key skills most of the entrepreneurs lack (Maggio, 2005, p. 124). In addition, Aileen knew nothing how to start a new business and has no experience in planning and organizing. According to Ashton (2005) the experience in management is essential for determining the success of the new business. Therefore, she needed to increase her knowledge and Aileen found advice at the local enterprise company. Being a creative person, seeing the need of people and the way to satisfy it, Aileen feels that she can change the situation with floods. Her inspiration to help people gives her the strength to bring to life this idea as well as find sufficient funding for the launching. Funding is the first area where problems start to appear. First of all, Aileen will need to collect a lot of documents and licenses that would permit her to change the landscape of the river bank. Taking into account that government is fully responsible for the situation with the floods, the process of collecting all documents and permission might take several years and Aileen will not be able to start doing something. After receiving all of the required documents, Aileen will face another obstacle: funding. Taking the loan at the bank is not an option in this case, because it is unclear whether or not this business will collect any revenues: Aileen has an idea to rise the riverbank in order to help the people, however, I am unsure that people suffering from floods will be willing to pay Aileen because the river is not their property and most likely they will demand the governmental funding. Moreover, she will be unable to convince the bank that she is able to run profit-driven business. In fact, it is unclear whether or not the business will generate any profit. The organizations she is the member of are not profit-drive and therefore, she will need to prove her ability to launch the business (Bygrave, 1991, p. 17); however, the absence of experience and knowledge are working against her. Most likely she will be denied in loan granting. The only opportunities to get funds to launch the whole process are governmental grant or Social Inclusion Partnership. SIC has the objective of encouraging the public and private sectors to work together towards regeneration of the area they represent. Usually, SIC consists of everybody who has the stake in local area: those who live there, people running enterprises, and people responsible for delivering public services. The aim of SIC is to make the living community

Public Health--Discuss the health problems and health service issues Essay - 1

Public Health--Discuss the health problems and health service issues that are associated with homelessness - Essay Example These differences make it difficult to harmonize the statistics (Engelkirk & Duben-Engelkirk, 2008). A common definition of the term homelessness is ‘people who sleep rough (Glover-Thomas, 2002). This definition, however, has to meet certain criteria to qualify one as a rough sleeper. People who qualify for this classification have to be between the ages of 16-20 and above. Besides, they must have been previously under certain care or some custody, or were prior to being rendered a hard sleeper was a member of the HM forces, or was forced out of their former abodes due to family feuds, violence, threats of violence, etc. (Henderson, 2014). This paper will rely on estimates made by the different states to illustrate the magnitude of the problems within. Some factors determine the health factors that are faced by rough sleepers in different nations. These factors as Oliver (2013) notes are different and severe in the developing worlds compared to the developed regions. Rough sleepers in the UK experience a wide array of health problems owing to the increasing number of new entrants who stream into the streets and hostels every year due to homelessness and associated factors. This paper centers in focusing on the health issues facing the homeless persons in the UK. The 21st century has seen the increasing demands for healthcare attention for the homeless persons in the UK. As Baggott (2011) denotes, disease manifestation and occurrence have increased in the wake of global environmental change and disease proliferation through time. The homeless people are more exposed to various health dangers than the other populace. Be sides, the increasing number of homeless persons in the UK, a lot of whom are victims of circumstances such as asylum seekers, jobless immigrants, and other related persons makes policy formulations to curb homelessness in the region a terrible nightmare. The paper discusses some of these health related issues in relevance to public health

Mother Tongue-Based Multi-Lingual Education in Philippine Schools Essay Example for Free

Mother Tongue-Based Multi-Lingual Education in Philippine Schools Essay Scenario: A Waray-speaking couple from Samar decided to relocate in Cebu for job opportunities. Tagging along with them is their first-grader girl. Deficient of finances, they decided to enroll the kid in a public school. It so happened that the Philippine Department of Education (DepEd) has introduced the Mother Tongue-Based Multi-Lingual Education (MTB-MLE) program. This is a program that uses your mother tongue (language at home) as a medium of instruction inside the classroom. Will the girl be given special attention knowing that she speaks Waray and be separated from the rest of her Cebuano-speaking classmates? If the language at home will be the medium of instruction from Kinder to Grade 3, how will this affect a multi-language group? According to DepEd, 12 major Philippine languages will be introduced beginning this school year 2012-2013 to improve literacy and instruction: Tagalog, Kapampangan, Pangasinense, Iloko, Bikol, Cebuano, Hiligaynon, Waray, Tausug, Maguindanaoan, Maranao, and Chabacano. The objectives of the program include: l. anguage development which establishes a strong education for success in school and for lifelong learning; 2. cognitive development which focuses on Higher Order Thinking Skills competencies in each of the learning areas; and 3. academic development which prepares the learner to acquire mastery of language and culture. 4. socio-cultural awareness which enhances the pride of the learner’s heritage. The program hopes that by using the mother tongue (first language or L1) as a medium of instruction inside the classroom in the early grades, it will hasten the basic communication skills of the students. When students develop fluency in speaking, reading and writing in the first language, the L1 can then be utilized as a bridge or transitional to learning the second (L2) and third (L3) languages (e. g. Filipino and English). The introduction of languages in this method will give students confidence in learning academic concepts. From DepEd Order No. 74, 3c: â€Å"In terms of cognitive development, and its effects in other academic areas, pupils taught to read and write in their first language acquire [educational] competencies more quickly. † Director Yolanda Quijano of DepEd’s Bureau of Elementary Education stressed in a press release, â€Å"[These] studies proved that learners who begin in their first language have more efficient cognitive development and are better prepared for more cognitively demanding subject matter. In other words, a learner tends to be smarter if he starts his education using the mother tongue. † How will DepEd implement the program? Below, I tabulated a progression plan for teaching and using the three languages (mother-tongue, English, Filipino) based on how I understood the program. Basically, the program starts with pupils learning their lessons through the use of their mother-tongue — first orally and then in written form. It finishes with kids being fluent in (or at least learning fast) English and Filipino when they finish grade 6. Will this kind of plan succeed? I believe so, if planned properly. Even UNESCO endorses the use of Mother Tongue Multilingual Education and highlights the important features of the process: 1.  Education begins with what the learners already know, building on the language and culture, knowledge and experience that they bring with them when they start school; 2. Learners gradually gain confidence in using the new (official) language, before it becomes the only language for teaching academic subjects; and 3. Learners achieve grade level competence in each subject because teachers use their home language, along with the official school language, to help them understand the academic concepts. Also, MTB-MLE has long been used by other developing countries. Here are benchmark studies from UNESCO: 1. Modiano’s (1973) study in the Chiapas highlands of Mexico found that indigenous children efficiently transferred literacy skills from the L1 to the L2 and out-performed monolingual Spanish speakers. 2. The Six-Year Yoruba Medium Primary Project (Fafunwa et al. 1975; Akinnaso 1993; see Adegbiya 2003 for other references) demonstrated unequivocally that a full six-year primary education in the mother tongue with the L2 taught as a subject was not only viable but gave better results than all-English schooling. It also suggested that teachers should be allowed to specialize in L2 instruction. 3. The Rivers Readers Project, also in Nigeria, showed how mother tongue materials of reasonable quality could be developed even where resources were scarce and even for previously undeveloped languages with small numbers of speakers (Williamson, 1976). Communities themselves provided competent native speakers and funds for language development, producing over forty publications in fifteen languages. 4.  Large-scale research on Filipino-English bilingual schooling in the Philippines (Gonzalez Sibayan, 1988) found a positive relationship between achievement in the two languages, and found that low student performance overall was not an effect of bilingual education but of other factors, especially the low quality of teacher training (see also Dutcher 1995). If the program works in other developing countries, I believe, it should also work in the Philippines. But this isn’t easy. Getting to the goal takes a lot of groundwork. Look at the figure below. For the program to achieve long-term success, DepEd must go through each and every step. It looks like DepEd has already done the necessary research and already raised awareness about the program through its Region, Division, District, and School Heads, as well as through Local Government Units (LGUs). But what about the rest of the steps? Do we have enough teaching and learning materials ready that are built specifically for a particular language? Next, have we trained enough teachers and staff to efficiently implement the program? Most importantly, do we have the funding and full support from the government to sustain this effort? Now, let me go back to the challenge I mentioned in the first paragraph. How will the program resolve classrooms with multiple home languages spoken by pupils? What is the solution when teachers that are available to teach do not even speak the pupils’ mother-tongue? Should we place books and reading materials written in different home languages in each classroom? While I support mother tongue-based education, I think DepEd must spend some more time to resolve some lingering questions and prepare the materials needed to facilitate effective classroom interaction with this new approach to basic education. Success stories in Papua New Guinea (Klaus 2003), and the Rivers Readers project in Nigeria (Williamson 1985) should become inspirations for the Philippines. More time is also needed for human resource development. To remedy this situation, the case of the bilingual intercultural education in Bolivia must be looked into (refer to ETARE 1993, Albo Anaya 2003). Are you one with the DepEd in the implementation of the Mother Tongue-Based Multi-Lingual Education (MTB-MLE) program this coming school year? Leave some comments below.

People Behaviour Essay Example for Free

People Behaviour Essay Methodology is concern with both the detail research methods through with data is collected, and the more general philosophies upon which the collection and analysis of data are based. In methodology there are two types of research methods in which researchers can depend on when researching. These are â€Å"Quantitative† and â€Å"Qualitative† research. Quantitative research deals with a term which August Comte came up with, â€Å"Positivism.† This quantitative research deals with more scientific research than based on theory, it focuses on scientific methods of study. Despite the considerable influence of the ‘scientific’ approaches to sociological methodology, an alternative series of interpretive or qualitative approaches has long existed within sociology. Qualitative research often collects subjective data such as information about people’s emotions, feelings and values and also isn’t structure like quantitative research. Between both the ‘Quantitative and Qualitative research’, quantitative uses questionnaire to gather data. A questionnaire is a number of preset questions that can contain open-ended, fixed choice or combination of both types of questions. In this essay it would be shown that questionnaires cannot be used to capture the truth about people’s behaviour, but to an extent. In questionnaire research the same questions are usually given to respondents in the same order so that the same information can be collected from every member of the sample. There are many methods on how to distribute questionnaires. The first method would be the postal questionnaire, as the name suggests it is mailed to the respondents with a stamped address envelope for return to the researcher. Postal questionnaires are rather inexpensive, time consuming and has little less than fifty percent (50%) of  the questionnaires posted back. This would seriously bias the researcher research, since there may be systematic differences between those who returned questionnaires than those who did not. For example, the main response to a postal questionnaire on marital relationships might come from those experiencing marital problems and wish to air their grievance. If non-respondents were happily married, the researcher would be unjustified in making generalizations about married life on the basis of the return questionnaires. Therefore the researcher would not be able to analyse the questions clearly and would not be able to analyse properly the married couples who are happy, sad, frustrated or even devoice, because of the lack of questionnaires missing from married couples. Apart from the first method, the second method has a far higher return rate than the postal. This is because it is to administer the questionnaire to a group such as a class of students or workers at a union meeting. This method is less expensive and maintains the advantage of the presence of an interviewer. However, the interviewer must ensure that the respondents do not discuss anything while doing the questionnaire, due to the researcher would like the respondent own view and not from the help of others. This would therefore give the researcher an image towards how the respondent expresses themselves towards the questions within the questionnaire. The first two (2) methods that were stated above both used questionnaires mainly the first through postal and the second has an interviewer present at the time the questionnaires were given out. This method in the other hand is done through the telephone. This is mostly used in conducting of market research for companies, but it is not usually regarded satisfactory by sociologist. According to (Aldridge and Levine, 2001), it is hard to establish rapport in such interviews, disadvantage groups tend to be under-represented in samples, it is difficult to ask sensitive questions, respondents cannot be expected to remember a wide range of possible answers to fixed-choice questions, and visual aids cannot be used. This may make the respondent very uncomfortable and due to that they would not be willing to cooperate and answer the telephone questionnaire.  Therefore this may make it very hard on the researcher due to he or she would not be able to gain a proper response from the responden t. The fourth possibility is to administer questionnaires by e-mail. According to (Geoff Payne and Judy Payne, 2004), this may be a useful way of conducting dispersed groups of people, or those who might not wish to be questioned face-to-face. For example, it has been used in a study of people who committed self-harm. Although this method has its advantages, it also has its disadvantages. A problem of this is that genuine anonymity is difficult to assure since it is possible to track the source of an emailed response. Another big problem may be that the sample is restricted to those with access to computers and may therefore be unrepresentative, although the significance of this will diminish as the number of people without email and internet fails. This therefore would be a problem to the researcher because he or she may not be able to interpret the behaviour of the respondent towards the questionnaire and also the respondent may not take on the research seriously. These things hinder the researcher from collecting data towards his or her research. There are many reasons towards why questionnaires are inappropriate to capture the behaviour of people. But there are one or two reasons that could help the research in that, but only up to an extent. The second method that was stated can be of use in this by the interviewer watching every one’s reaction towards the questionnaire. This can determine the respondent answer by the feedback he or she gave during reading the questions. In conclusion, questionnaires can be used to capture people’s behaviour but to an extent. Yet it have been shown in this essay that you cannot simply capture someone behaviour with the use of questionnaires. It is due because the respondent can lie during the questionnaire or even the researcher would not get back a proper feedback to determine the respondent answer. In the end it has been shown that questionnaires cannot capture peoples’ behaviour.

Forever 21 Management Analysis

Forever 21 Management Analysis Solomon Mehari   Mission Statement The companys mission is to provide is to furnish customers with an unpresented determination of todays styles with moderate costs. Theyre known as continually changing and dependably in style. The proprietor is Christian and needs to impart this to his clients. History One of Americas most favored retailers, Forever 21 was set up as Fashion 21 in 1984 by a Korean foreigner in a little 900 sq. feet space. Today, shopping centers house the fashion giant in 9,000 square feet zone and their XXI lead stores are spread more than 24,000 square feet. Quick design retailer, Forever 21 works more than 600 stores under the Forever 21, XXI Forever, For Love 21, Heritage 1981, and Reference pennants. Always 21 offers mens and ladies apparel and extras. Stores can be found all through the U.S. furthermore, in Canada, Europe, Japan, Korea, and the Philippines. The organization is headquartered in Los Angeles, California. Stakeholders Employee: They are viewed as inside partners. As they work inside the organization, the representatives have an intrigue and impact the way it is run. In this manner, anyone who works for Forever21 is a partner. Customers: They are considered external stakeholders. They are slightly different from employees because they do not work for the corporation, however they buy products and services. So, they have an interest in Forever 21. Structure and Leadership Structure of Forever 21 Leadership Forever 21 has assumed control shopping centers over the world with its stock of popular garments at absolute bottom costs. The stores acquired $135 million in benefits in 2008, the last time the privately-owned business made its financials open. Whats more, the same number of retailers declare store terminations, Forever 21 keeps on growing. This month alone, the affix has declared arrangements to open two new areas: one in Rochester, Minnesota, and one in Santa Cruz, California. A great part of the organizations prosperity has originated from its interest to spending plan cognizant ladies in their youngsters and 20s. It utilizes the quick design demonstrate, getting new form patterns to stores as fast as it can, then offering at a low cost. Conventional retailers attempt to set up a brand with a mark look, so its impossible that others will attempt to duplicate Forever 21 subsequent to investing so much energy and exertion assembling their own brands. Furthermore, it just offers at tire for not as much as its adversaries do. forever 21 offers pants for as low as $15, where youngster retailers by and large begin at $30 for this imperative class, noticed the Bank of America investigators. Do won Chang (CO-Founder and Chief Executive Officer) With little more than a high school education, the young Korean couple came to the U.S. in 1981 in search for a better life. Husband Do Won, just 22 at the time, worked the morning shift at a coffee shop, pumped gas during the afternoon and started a small office cleaning business that kept him busy until midnight. Jin Sook, 25, toiled as a hairdresser, a skill she acquired back in her home country. While at the gas station, Do Won noticed that wealthy men in the garment industry drove the nicest cars, inspiring him to take a job at a clothing store, where he was determined to learn the ropes. I treated it like it was my own business, he told FORBES. After three years in the U.S., the couple pooled $11,000 in savings and opened a 900-square-foot apparel store in L.A. in 1984. Calling it Fashion 21, first year sales reached $700,000. It eventually became fast-fashion juggernaut Forever 21, which has $4.4 billion in revenue from 790 locations in 48 countries. But after years of expansi on the company appears to be facing some setbacks; sales have been flat and in the past year its reportedly paid some vendors late. Forever 21 denies any financial difficulties and says business remains solid. The devout couple, who goes to early morning prayer at a local church nearly every day, has the Bible verse John 3:16 printed on the bottom of the chains shopping bags. Jin Sook Chang (CO-Founder/President) After moving to the states from South Korea in 1981, Jin Sook Chang and her husband Don worked odd jobs to make ends meet. Three years later, the pair opened up their first clothing store, Fashion 21, a 900-square-foot shop in Los Angeles. The Changs expanded upon first year sales of $700,000 by opening new stores every six months, eventually changing the teen-focused retailers name to Forever 21. Today their fast-fashion clothing chain, which has been sued more than 50 times for copyright infringement, has $4.4 billion in sales, flat from year ago. It has closed some stores and was late to pay some vendors. But the company denies any financial difficulties, saying its business is solid and noting the planned opening of 67 more stores this year. Sook works as the chief merchandising with the help of her 2 daughters Ester and Linda, while her husband don is the CEO. Task Environments Social factures: forever21 has similar objectives of disposing of tyke and grown-up constrained work, and we are completely adjusted to the soul and reason for Responsible Sourcing Networks cotton vow. forever 21 has marked the cotton vow compelling October 7, 2016. forever 21s dedication to this issue is not new. Since 2013, Forever 21 has attempted to guarantee that none of its outsider sellers intentionally acquire their supply of cotton from Uzbekistan. Our Corporate Social Responsibility program incorporates the Forever 21 Vendor Audit Program. While large portions of our merchants have worked with Forever 21 for various years and are believed, all providers and sellers must give plant contact data and all industrial facilities must take an interest in the review program. Technological Factors: It reports the accessible techniques for changing or changing over assets into items and administrations. Notwithstanding, supervisors must be watchful about mechanical variables since they must be precise in new innovations and adjust to new condition to dispatch another item or to make a venture. Political / Legal Factors: It is alluded to the administration law of business (control and set the dos and donts), business-government relationship (It is vital to have great connection in business as far as economy) and the general political and legitimate circumstance of the nation (It demonstrates that positive circumstance where directors need to work with). Economic Factors: The economic dimension of an association is the general status if the financial framework in which the association works. The most vital monetary elements are loan fees, unemployment and swelling. These components bring issues for the interest for items. Since, if financing costs are high, purchasers will spend less; if the expansion is high, the organization they pay more for assets, and they need to expand costs to cover costs; and if the unemployment is high, shoppers purchase less on the grounds that there are few individuals working for the association. Organizational Culture At Forever 21 Inc. they have a most significant organizational culture, resource is the general population who work for organization. As a quickly developing claim to fame retailer, perpetually 21 appreciates a dynamic and quick paced working condition. They are a fun, adaptable, and vigorous gathering of individuals cooperating to make a novel charming condition. Cooperation is key when sharing the alternate points of view that permit the organization to develop. Whats more, perpetually 21 is focused on supporting differing qualities inside the organization and imparting this dedication to a group. Organizational Hero Do Won Chang open his first store in L. As. Highland Park neighborhood in 1984, calling it Fashion 21. As deals took off and the demographic developed past the Korean American people group, he changed the name to Forever 21. Different stores soon followed in the U.S. whats more, abroad, incorporating one in the Seoul neighborhood of Myung-Dong, where Chang grew up. The financial downturn constrained Chang to make a few cuts. The organization finished 2009 with seven less stores than the prior year. Still, income is climbing. In the last monetary year, Forever 21 posted $1.7 billion in deals. It anticipates income of $2.3 billion this year. A lot of that is from forceful extension Chang is peering toward Israel and Hong Kong, for instance. Similarly, critical is an expansive lineup. Notwithstanding Forever 21, the chain has seven different arrangements, each serving unmistakable types of shopping center rats, including XXI Forever, which concentrates on higher end couture lines, and Heritage 1981, highlighting vintage-styled garments. Success of Forever 21 Innovation: One vital thing recognizes Forever 21 from its fundamental rivals is its uniqueness. No dread that you will discover your colleague or companion in the same outfit from yourself, Forever 21 arranges little mounts and learns it customers to purchase promptly and not hold up till the following visit. Not purchasing implies gone. Consistently something new, that is additionally the saying of Forever 21. Get it now, or its gone is the productive and benefit creating arrangement of Forever 21. Evidently, Mrs. Chang, who is in charge of the gathering of Forever 21, surveys around 400 new outlines a day. The Changs understood that change is fundamental. The perfect idea for the empowering addicts era of today. No dead stock, development starts things out. Easy access and quality: Without any things above $60, Forever 21 is making style open to all and making itself a substantial potential market. They went from one to more than six possess brands, offering garments to children, men, additional vast and pregnant ladies. Everybody can bear to purchase something at Forever 21. Sustainability Forever 21 goes into an exhaustive concurrence with each of our sellers and their production lines under which they guarantee to use lawfully qualified laborers, pay them compensation which are reasonable and legitimate in their ward, and give a situation that follows their lawful necessities. Our understanding likewise covers issues of time off, free affiliation rights, nondiscrimination, ecological assurance and security, and forbids the utilization of constrained or slave work, youngster work. They have a profoundly prepared Vendor Compliance Team, which advances and upholds legitimate and moral operations at our outsider manufacturing plant destinations. The Team fulfills this implementation by leading assessments of our dynamic non-US Vendor producing offices on an arbitrary premise to guarantee The Vendor Compliance Standards are comprehended, regarded and taken after. We additionally visit most production lines before We contract them, to guarantee their office and operations meet with our models. After every manufacturing plant visit, the Vendor Compliance Team gives a composed assessment of the processing plant, including any activity things which may require revision before the following visit. We additionally do our best to give continuous data, guidance, and support on reasonable work, wellbeing and security, and related issues. The objective is to work with our industrial facilities to help them enhance and guarantee reliable consistence. In any case, if we find intense infringement or infringement which are not adjusted inside a sensible day and age after our remedial activity arrange has been issued, we may end that plant from our program. Forever 21 trust this procedure helps with guarding against potential hazardous conditions, working environment wounds or abuse, and furthermore brings about a general change in processing plant effectiveness and item quality principles. The Future of Forever 21 Since first opening its entryways 30 years back, Forever 21 has turned into a universally perceived brand. The organization has possessed the capacity to maintain a strategic distance from the battles of other youth-focused brands. It pulls in solid deals $4.6 billion worth in 2014, as according to Privco and hasnt needed to battle with a brand character like other teenager retailers. This most recent move is a piece of the organizations objective to end up distinctly a $8 billion organization inside the following two years and to have 600 stores the world over inside the following three years. Forever 21 right now works more than 680 stores in 45 nations. References http://www.forbes.com/forbes/welcome/?toURL=http://www.forbes.com/profile/jin-sook-chang/refURL=https://www.google.com/referrer=https://www.google.com/ http://articles.latimes.com/2010/jul/31/business/la-fi-himi-chang-20100731 https://successstory.com/people/do-won-chang http://moneyinc.com/do-won-chang-facts/ http://www.forever21.com/Htmls/CustomerService/en-US/socialresponsibility.html?5/11/2014 http://goodonyou.org.au/the-ethics-of-fast-fashion-uniqlo-topshop-and-forever-21/

Essay --

On October 29th, 1929 the stock market crashed in the United States. This day was known as Black Tuesday, the day which signaled the beginning of the Great Depression. In the most tragic day in the American nation’s stock market history with major wipe outs in market, the values and prices of stocks plummeted due to shareholders liquidation of stocks which had to be sold at any price necessary (New York Times of October 30, 1929). By the year 1933, a quarter of American families, who were heavily dependent on their jobs, were unemployed. Unemployment levels had reached an unprecedented high level, adding hardship to the lives of the American people. Many people at that time were forced out of their homes and onto the streets as they lost their jobs or were forced to work at jobs which barely allowed them to provide food, much less payments on a house. Millions of people moved into what were commonly referred to as â€Å"Shanty towns† or â€Å"Hooverville’s†, as the president at the time was Herbert Hoover, who was not popular amongst the American people and was widely blamed for the start of the depression. City streets filled with breadlines, soup kitchen lines, people looking for food, and then the unemployment lines kept growing out the door and into the streets. The American men would leave their families to travel and look for employment in the farm lands across the countries in order to provide for their families. In some cases they would not come into contact with their family in months. This fractured the structure of family lives. The American people became quickly frustrated with the little to no improvement of the situation and the effort which President Hoover was putting into the relief of the economic situation. Come 1932 t... ...ad now fully become a part of the war effort. With the idea of isolationism long gone with the attack on Pearl Harbor, America quickly began to rise back to its feet still suffering from the Great Depression. The countries economy rose as well as the steel industry, companies such as Ford who closed their Rouge plant in Detroit which promised many jobs during the Great Depression responded to war production by creating jobs for thousands of Americans. With the building of naval ships, tanks and planes the economy of the United States began to notice a rapidly increasing economy. As seen in the chart below, American unemployment rates fell drastically from the years 1940 to 1945 which marked the end of the war. According to Robert S. McElvaine â€Å"The buildup of 1940-41 did more to relive American industry and reduce unemployment than had any New Deal Program† (320).

AIDS in Africa :: Research Papers Term Papers

AIDS in Africa I. Introduction In 1983, the first report indicating that wealthy Africans were seeking medical treatment for AIDS in Europe, was published in a medical journal. What the world did not know at that time, was that AIDS had been spreading rapidly through parts of central Africa for years. Furthermore, no one ever imagined that, by the end of the year 1997, an estimated 30.6 million persons in the world would be infected with HIV, the virus causing AIDS, with the majority of these people living in Africa (Feldman and Miller 14). The prospect of AIDS being responsible for over two million funerals in the year 1998 alone, was also something that no one had ever thought possible. However, the reality is that the HIV/AIDS situation in Africa has blown out of control, and the current epidemic as it exists there is far greater and more widespread than that of the rest of the world. Sub-Saharan Africa, which is the region of Africa hit hardest by the epidemic, is home to only one-tenth of the worldâ€⠄¢s population, yet reportedly accounts for 71 percent of the infected population, 79 percent of cumulative AIDS related deaths and 92 percent of the world’s AIDS orphans. At the end of 1999, 24.5 million adults and children were living with HIV/AIDS in sub-Saharan Africa. Also taking a toll, is the life expectancy rate of Africans, which has dropped from sixty-one to thirty-nine years in the past decade, and is estimated to shrink to thirty-one years by 2008 due to the AIDS epidemic. Although AIDS is just one of the problems presently facing Africa, it is a major concern that needs to be addressed, before entire cultures are wiped out. AIDS has already claimed more lives than the total of all wars, famines, floods and such deadly diseases as malaria on the African continent (Laino). Attempts to eliminate or at least alleviate AIDS in Africa, though, have not been easy or rather successful. For a variety of reasons, due mainly to the cultural and economic aspects of Afr ica, AIDS itself, and thus the treatment and prevention of it, on this continent is different from the situation in the US, or most other developing countries for that matter. Evidence of this can best be seen through the inability of the rest of the world to help deal with the problem of AIDS in Africa (as it is clear that a country as poor as Africa can not survive this fight on their own) which has allowed the problem to spiral out of control.

Symbols and Symbolism in Nathaniel Hawthornes The Scarlet Letter :: Scarlet Letter essays

Symbolism in The Scarlet Letter Nathaniel Hawthorne uses diction and symbolism to show the negative effects of stifling conformity verses the positive empowerment found in embarrassing one's own truth. He tries to impress upon his readers that an outsider, whether from another physical location, or simply someone who thinks and acts outside that society's definition of acceptable behavior can in fact facilitate positive change within that society. The secret in this novel most likely represents an idea, privacy, or even social censure. The Mary-like character Hester Prynne represents feminism, as the female-heroine, and truth, as she is unwavering in her stand against the wishes of the state, church, family and community with regard to her own truth. As represented by The Scarlet Letter, "Do you not think it is better for your little ones temporal and eternal welfare that she be taken out of your charge and clad soberly and disciplined strictly and instructed in the truths of heaven and earth? What can you do for the child? I can teach my little Pearl what I have learned from this, laying her finger on the red token. Woman it is thy badge of shame. Nevertheless, this badge taught me...it teaches me daily lessons by reasons of which my child may be better and wiser." Prynne is aware of how her truth can set her free. Later in the novel it states "...people brought all their sorrows and perplexities, and besought her counsel." This shows how Prynne's stand for the truth has eventually affected the entire community in a very positive manner, changing its perspective on social norms. Yet the character Dimmesdale, the co-adulterer, was said to be liken with "unutterable torment." Hawthorne was showing that Dimmesdale's silence about the truth and his love was worse than any judgment that would have been bestowed on him by his community or maker. Later Prynee offers to save Dimmesdale from his jail (guilt) and jailer (Chillingworth, the devil-like character). He refuses and eventually dies of shame and guilt at the end of this romantic tale of the love between two people. Pearl, the bastard-daughter character, represents the world of nature (truth), a nature-friendly pre-Christian time in mankind's history and the struggle between the town (societal taboos) and the simpler way of forest (respect for the truth).

Greed Through the Power of Corruption

10 December 2011 Greed through the Power of Corruption Greed is indescribable; to want everything and anything, to never be satisfied until it consumes the world. Of all the traits that one possesses, greed is said to be the most influential of them all. Through the course of George Orwell’s popular satire, Animal Farm, traits of greed and selfishness can be picked up chapter by chapter. These traits that Orwell uses to describe the actions of the characters can be comparable to the modern era where our society is ridden with greed and selfishness for different desires. Animal Farm and the society of North Korea are consumed and impacted by greed and selfishness through unequal rights, ruthless oppression, and lack of a unified government. Throughout the course of Animal Farm, unequal rights are traced through the building of the windmill, to the harvest for food. Through the harsh summer harvest, Napoleon announced â€Å"Any Animal who absented himself from it would have his rations reduced in half† (59). The pigs and dogs were the only ones that did not have to work, ultimately causing the breakup of the equal rights idea Old Major stressed about. Napoleon and the pigs were manipulating the animals and abusing their authority to benefit themselves and the progress of the harvest, regardless of the effect it would have on the other animals. Despite the Old Major’s philosophy of equal rights, the pigs went on to abuse the other animals, further showing signs of their greedy nature. A comparable quote such as the one above can strongly relate to North Korea’s human rights and how the low working class has little to no basic rights. Much like how the rations of the animals would be reduced, many North Koreans also faced food shortages due to the government giving most of the food to the soldiers. The pig and dog’s selfishness through the progress of Animal Farm causes them to diminish the dream Old Major once dreamed of; a perfect society where everyone is equal. Many years after the rebellion, Benjamin â€Å"consented to break his rule and he read out to her what was written on the wall. There was nothing there now except a single commandment. It ran: All animals are equal but some animals are more equal than others† (134). Not only does this prove that the pigs were manipulating the commandments and altering the rules, it clearly shows the progress of the pigs selfishness to make them superior over the general population. They used this commandment to their advantage to justify their actions and superiority against the other animals. Similarly, in North Korea, women have no set of rights at all and are subject to be submissive to their male counterparts. North Korean males are subjected to be submissive as well to those of higher social status such as a government official or someone with more money than them. These depictions of no Human Rights help tell the story of how the higher classes’ greed caused the general population to be stripped of their most basic rights. Throughout the history of Animal Farm, ruthless oppression was used to detain anyone that opposed the government. Harsh punishments were under way when, â€Å"Napoleon acted swiftly and ruthlessly. He ordered the hens’ rations to be stopped, and decreed that any animal giving so much as a grain of corn to a hen should be punished by death† (76). Napoleon and the pigs’ tolerance to rebellion are so strict, that death sentences are held without facing a court or trial. This is a clear depiction on how Napoleon and the pigs are selfish for power where they will take it to the point to death penalties. It shows how the pigs are not afraid to show their wrath and how they will forcefully deal with it, even if it is one of their own comrades. It also shows how manipulation is involved and how Napoleon is installing fear into the minds of the animals. This relates to North Koreas oppression on its citizens and how anyone convicted of any small crime can be dealt with harsh punishments. For example, anyone that is caught listening to an outside radio broadcast can be sentenced to capital punishment. With the executions of the animals made public, â€Å"They were all slain on the spot. And so the tale of confessions and executions went on, until there was a pile of corpses lying before Napoleons feet and the air was heavy with the smell of blood†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (54). Napoleons greed for being on top forces him to detain anyone that is against him through the public executions. Because of his desire to stay on top of the chain of command, Napoleon would not hesitate to use his power to rout any sort of insurrection or even a small action that might seem to question his authority. Similar to the statements above, manipulation is also a key factor in his ruthless terror. He manipulates the animal’s mind in thinking that he is the true leader and enforces his place as the leader of Animal Farm. His greed for authority can be seen as a sort of an obsession which in turn increases the abuse of power to do whatever it takes to continue to be in power. This event greatly relates to the public executions in North Korea and how the government tries to institutionalize the fear of the punishment of crimes and rebellions. By instilling fear into the people, the government can then go on to commit whatever kinds of immoral deeds they desire without fear of protest from the people. Furthermore, ruthless oppression was the main driving force of the pig’s greed for power. With Animal Farm turning into a totalitarianism government, there were great deals of corruption throughout the years. Another unforgiving winter season hit the animals hard â€Å"and food was even shorter. Once again all rations were reduced, except those of the pigs and the dogs. †(46). While many of the animals were starved during the cold winter, the pigs and the dogs were able to enjoy the same amount of food, further supporting the notion that the government is riddled with corruption. Likewise, in North Korea, many government officials order assassinations or kidnappings of people that are against their rule. With some difficulty, Muriel spelt out â€Å"no animal shall sleep in a bed with sheets (66). With Squealer defending his opinions, he stated, â€Å"you have heard then, comrades he said that we pigs now sleep in beds of the farmhouse? †(66). Firstly, this shows the pigs selfishness towards the animals and how they don’t even care about the treatment they receive. More over it shows corruption in a way where the leaders are living a better life compared to the animals because of their current position in leadership. North Koreans can relate to this because there is corruption where positions in government may give you access to better rights than the general population. Over the different actions of the pigs and dogs, the corrupted government in which they rule caused them to be a step ahead of everyone else. During the course of the novel, many discussions are made that can be related to greed and selfishness. Examples of greed and selfishness impact on Animal Farm can be related to the actions of North Korea and how it affects them in the modern world. Napoleon caused many troubles throughout his service in Animal Farm and many of these troubles can be traced back to his selfishness and greed for power. Greed’s impact has caused many unlawful events in the book, which can also be found in North Korea. Ruthless oppression, unequal rights, and corrupt government are only a handful of what impact greed and selfishness had in Animal Farm.

Maria Teresa Tula Essay

Learn about Maria Teresa Tula, a leader of COMADRES, by accessing http://rfkcenter.org/maria-teresa-tula. Maria Teresa was kidnapped, raped several times, and severely beaten, yet she continued her struggle even when family members rejected her for being raped. However, rejection after being raped triggered her questioning about women’s subordinated position in society and helped her to start seeing the world through gender eyes. Read about her story and then write a paragraph about your personal reaction to Maria Teresa Tula’s decision to join COMADRES and her bravery to continue the struggle after rape and torture. -I was astonished with Maria Teresa Tula’s decision to join COMADRES and her bravery to continue the struggle after rape and torture. With the first attack toward her husband I would have tried to escape but instead she got more involve and was fighting for the rights of everyone. She did not get attack once but about three times and she continued fi ghting for human rights. Leaving her kids behind and just staying with her two youngest must have been the most difficult decision for a woman to do and because of her bravery I admire her. 2. What are they saying in these songs? What does Sting mean when saying â€Å"they dance alone? -â€Å"Bullet The Blue Sky† single from The Joshua Tree album it is about an actual experience that Bono had while visiting El Salvador. There he saw women whose children had been imprisoned or murdered by the military regime there. He was inspired by it and immediately wrote the lyrics for the song. It is a song about protesting against corruption, hypocorism, weapon and people being terrified. – â€Å"They Dance Alone† was written after Sting saw a brief news story about women dancing in the streets of Chile torn apart by the Pinochet regime. The women were dancing in the streets with pictures of their husbands, fathers, brothers or sons pinned to their clothes or they were holding the pictures and danc ing with them. It is a beautiful song saying what the women in Chile were unable to express. It tells a story about a woman a daughter, a wife or a mother how they are left dancing alone because of the killing of their love ones. This songs makes you feel and understand what the people were going through. At the end of the song I love how it states Pinochet: â€Å"Can you think of your own mother dancin’ with her invisible son?† In other words, â€Å"Watch it, mate. You’ll get what’s comin’ to ya!† 3. Why did the government violate human rights? Who collaborated with/supported the government in the fight against â€Å"communism â€Å"? -The  government violates human rights because after the Cuban Revolution, Latin America became an important theater of the Cold War and for the U.S.-backed â€Å"Operation Condor† in South America. Operation Condor was conducted as a campaign of terror involving assassination and intelligence operations by dictato rships of the Southern Cone of South America; it had the tacit approval of the United States. It was a program aimed to eradicate communist or Soviet influence and ideas in Latin America. -What is the Cold War? How is the Cold War related to the events in Central America? – The Cold War was the tense relationship between the United States (and its allies) and the Soviet Union (USSR, and its allies) between the end of World War II and the demise of the Soviet Union; i.e. the years 1945 to 1991. This war was unlike other wars in that the two sides never clashed directly in battle. – The Cold War was related to the events in Central America because it altered Latin America’s relationship to the United States profoundly, as the region became a battleground between two competing ideological systems—capitalism and communism. Prior to the Cold War, both economic and geopolitical concerns had motivated U.S. policy toward Latin America. But, after the lowering of the Iron Curtain in Eastern Europe, George Kennan, the chief architect of American foreign policy towards the Soviet Union, advocated containment to halt the spread of communism, not just in Europe, but globally. The result was a bipolar world featuring proxy wars fought throughout the Third World by surrogates and clients of the two superpowers. Latin American nations, historically considered to be part of â€Å"our backyard,† were not permitted to remain neutral as Washington expected Latin America to ally with the United States while the Soviet Union sought to gain access to what had been an American sphere of influence. – What were the major violations of human rights in El Salvador and Guatemala? How did women react to the kidnapping, torture, murder, and disappearance of their loved ones? – The major violations of human rights was people disappearing , the tortured, the jailed, and the murdered were the so-called subversives, members of communist organizations, armed guerrilla groups, or/and agents of international communism, and whoever was  suspected of these activities. These open violations of human rights were based on ideological grounds and were used to stop the spread of revolutions in the region. Most of the victims were young people who saw the example of Cuba as a solution for poverty and social inequality in Latin America. – The women react were condemned to silence, form fear of losing their own lives or being disappeared. This atmosphere of impunity, silence, and fear was challenged by mothers, grandmothers, wives, aunts, sisters, and nieces of the disappeared. In countries such as Argentina, Chile, El Salvador, and Guatemala, women formed massive movements of civil confrontation to search for the truth about their disappeared relatives. These women were regular housewives; some did not have a formal education, others did not even know how to speak Spanish (the case of Guatemala), and most were oblivious to any ideological militancy. Their trigger to action was their love, a mother love. – Why are these movements labeled as the â€Å"Gendering of Human Rights? -The movements labeled as the â€Å"Gendering of Human Rights† was women engaged in human rights struggles that not only transformed their countries but also their own lives. They challenged their traditional assigned gender roles. Through their actions women became protagonists in the struggle for human rights and democracy in Latin America. In so doing, women appropriated public spaces formerly reserved for men. Their massive presence in plazas, streets, mass media, congress, international forums, and wearing black dresses (COMADRES), white scarves covering their heads, holding colorful quilts (Arpilleras), dressed in traditional Mayan attires, and all holding a photograph of their missing relatives, impregnated the world’s collective memory. Some exaples are, , the Mothers of Plaza de Mayo of Argentina, Las Arpilleras or quilt-makers of Chile, the National Committee of Guatemalan Widows (CONAVIGUA), and the Committee of Mothers and Relatives of Prisoners, the Disappeared and the Politically Assassinated of El Salvador (Monseà ±or Oscar Arnulfo Romero) (COMADRES). – What were the major accomplishments of these women’s organizations? -Some of the major accomplishments of these women’s organization were that women’s actions have brought a different understanding of feminism. By feminism, I refer to ideology that seeks gender equality or equality between women and  men. Women departing from their traditional role of mothers created movements that transformed forever women’s lives and politics in Latin American nations. Without shooting a single bullet and developing peaceful movements of civil disobedience, they helped to overthrow dictatorships and end civil wars. Women gained consciousness and citizenship. Last but not least, women empowered themselves through education and exposure to national and international forums.

Personal Finance Essay

Personal finance refers to the principal that is applied to the monetary decisions of an individual or a family unit. It addresses issues such as the ways in which the individuals or families obtain finance, budget, save and spend the monetary resources of a company over a given period of time while at the same time taking in account the financial risks and the future life events that are related to the businesses activities. The profits or loss of a company are derived by determining the incomes of a company and the expenses that are incurred by a company. If the incomes are more than the expenses the company generates profit for the company. If the expenses of the company are more than the incomes then the company incurs losses in the financial period of a company. Assumptions The income of Donna Terrell is estimated to be $3333 per month since it is assumed that he earns a salary that is equally distributed throughout the year. The expenses of Donna Terrell are also assumed to be evenly distributed throughout the year except in the months where Donna Terrell specified that the expenses were incurred in those months. After Sherman acquisition of his new job on June 2003 and his decision to assist Donna Terrell was a positive move since after the month of June the Donna’s business started to earn profits since in the previous months the business was incurring losses, but after June 2003 the company started to generate profits for the company, thus was in a position to run it affairs effectively (http://64. 233. 169. 104/search? q=cache:DmCJZy7zP6kJ) It is also assumed that Sherman would earn a salary that would be $1500 per the month that followed the month of June up to December 2003. In the first quarter of the year Donna business had been incurring losses from January to May 2008 since the amount of losses have been increasing rapidly since the expenses of the business were more than the incomes of the business. After Mr. Sherman decision to assist Mr. Donna in giving him financial assistance the business started to improve in its performance. The business incomes was greater than the expenses as from July to December of the Year 2003 and this contributed to the increased profits of the business as it continued with its operation until December 2003. As at December 2003 the Company had profits that were over $13000. The management of companies can run their activities if they ask for financial assistances from friends and also financial institutions since after the Mr. Sherman decision to assist Mr. Donna the performance of the company started to improve. The instances where the management of companies runs other business activities that generate revenue to a company this can contribute to the profitability of the company since the additional income increases the companies working capital that enables the company to generate as much revenue to the company hence its increased returns and finally this leads to the growth of the company. The management of companies should also plan their finances properly so as to avoid budget deficits as this can affect the performance of the company and also its reputation as this can result to reduce sales volume for a company hence in some cases due to the poor management of the companies finances the company go into liquidation that can lead to the closure of the company.

How Technology Can Assist or Hinder Information Management Practices in Organisations

1 INTRODUCTIONTechnology has come a long way in the past 10 to 15 years and we now have access to information at virtually any time, or place we wish. Organisations today rely heavily on technology and without it, would likely struggle to survive. Technology has enabled us to better service the needs of consumers in the ever-changing market.2 ADVANTAGESThe obvious advantage with technology today is that it allows instant access to information and is a great time saving mechanism. USB devices and cloud software make it easier than ever before to access your files anywhere in the world.There is also almost no waiting time whatsoever when you need to find access to a document or the like. It has replaced the need to manually file documents which is a major advantage not only because it saves labour, the document is now much easier to find – you only need to type the file name into the computer and it can bring what you are looking for up.Going digital has also had a large impact on our environment, in a good way. Since the need to file documents manually has significantly reduced, we have in turn saved billions of tonnes in paper as well as reducing greenhouse gasses from producing paper related equipment in factories. Technology has also allowed us to take advantage of more storage than ever before as the need for physical filing equipment has gone. For example, a server can store an earth-shattering amount more information than a filing cabinet or cupboard.3 HINDRANCESData integrity can be a major downfall when using information systems in the workplace as it relies on the user to put the data in correctly in the first place. Until we advance so far in technology that human input is no longer  needed to collect data, then this will remain as a hindrance that we can’t avoid. Whilst technology is very advanced in society today, it also still has the ability to malfunction and crash, it is by no means flawless. Downtime is infrequent but it still me ans that we need to be keeping information backed up onto multiple resources and sometimes there is a need for a hard copy to be kept which can be time consuming to maintain.4 CONCLUSIONWhilst technology is by no means flawless, it has greatly enhanced our way of life and how we keep record of information and events. If technology was just as advanced 100 years ago, we might have seen a very different recollection of historic events.In terms of technology impacting our workplace information systems, it has definitely had an effect for the better. It has allowed us to record mass amounts of information, saved us numerous hours of time and made it extremely easy to access data whenever, wherever – which I feel outweighs the hindrances by far.We can’t control human error but through frequent and improved training for employees, we can reduce it so that the information system being utilised becomes more reliable.

1912 Lawrence Textile Strike Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

1912 Lawrence Textile Strike - Essay Example This strike took place in, â€Å"Lawrence, Massachusetts in 1912 and was led by the Industrial Workers of the World†.1 The strike has a variety of complex reasons for its establishment, but it’s broadly understood that it occurred as a response to the mill’s decision to lower wages after a law shortening the workweek was enacted. This essay examines a variety of issues surrounding the 1912 Lawrence Textile Strike and considers whether the strikers were justified in their actions. The city of Lawrence was founded in 1845 and quickly grew based on its productive textile industry. Even as the textile industry in the region greatly contributed to the region’s development, it’s clear it was also a highly problematic industry. With the turn of the century an influx of mechanization resulted in the gradual release of skilled laborers and an increasingly dangerous and demanding work environment. The large numbers of unskilled laborers, largely women, workin g in the textile industry gave the factory’s considerable leverage, further leading to arduous working conditions. Furthermore, â€Å"divisions between skilled and unskilled laborers were also strongly divided along ethnic lines, further contributing to growing tension in the region†.2 While there were instance of unionization through the United Textile Workers and the Industrial Workers of the World, it was generally recognized that unionization had not taken a strong hold in the area. With growing recognition of the poor working conditions in the region a new Massachusetts law was enacted that â€Å"reduced the number of house of work per week for women and children from 56 to 54†.3 Upon the implementation of the law, employers followed by reducing the weekly wages to match the change in hours. Workers at the Everett Cotton Mills discovered the reduction in pay and immediately left their looms, setting off the early stages of the strike. After this early stage , the Industrial Workers of the World became involved and further organized against the textile mills. Joseph Ettor took control of strike and put together a committee with representatives from each ethnic group working at the mill; the group’s demands were that the textile factories raise wages by â€Å"15% for the newly specified workweek, and provide double pay for overtime†.4 The strike resulted in a large-scale public conflict, with the city calling out a militia to confront the picketers. The militia turned a firehouse on the picketers and they responded by vandalizing many of the mills. These incidents resulted in a domino effect where the strike leaders were framed, the United Textile Workers (UTW) attempted to deter the deliberations, and children and mothers were clubbed for peaceful protest. This last act gathered national attention and resulted in a resolution being reached regarding the strike. Ultimately, â€Å"the textile companies, led by the American Woolen Company, capitulated to nearly all of the strikers’ demands†.5 These actions had a significant impact on labor as other factories in New England followed these policy changes worried about facing similar civil strife. In conclusion, there are a number of considerations that are made when one considers whether the strike was justified. While the strike was ultimately successful in that the workers had most of their demands met, it’s clear that there was considerable civil strife that resulted in these actions. While ostensibly it appears that such actions were not needed and the physical conflicts could have been avoided, one considers prominent civil rights leaders such as Malcolm X who indicated that oftentimes violence was necessary to enact significant public change. In this textile strike, civil change was not simply enacted in

Skateboarding in the Middle East Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Skateboarding in the Middle East - Research Paper Example Skateboarding does not have to be confined in urban spaces as Wanner believes. Skateboarding represents creative play that it is universally appreciated by children and adults alike all over the world. It area of play is not only â€Å"Where there is an asphalt space of sprawl† but also in the asphalts and deserts of Middle East. In fact, skateboarding may be more beneficial and may be more appreciated in the Middle East than in the urban centers of California because many children are scathe by war in those regions whose growth and development is interrupted by war. Skateboarding, being creative and playful as it is, has a big place among those children in the war torn countries in the Middle East to at least provide them with the coping mechanism with the terror of war they are exposed of. The extent, fierceness and length of war in the Middle East that had exposed countless of children that leaves one to wonder not only on the depth of the scathe that war had left on the children but also on the interruption of their development. Play according to Smilansky and Shefatya, play is essential to children’s social competence and maturity (cited in Jalongo, 2014). Play could also be a very good antidote to extremism because it undermines the very foundation of extremism which is intolerance. Play according to Smilansky and Shefatya let children experience other’s â€Å"points of view by working through conflicts about space, materials, or rules positively† (cited Jalongo, 2014). Through seeing and experiencing other people’s perspectives, children learns to become tolerant and more resistant to extremist ideologies thereby could reduce if not totally remove extremism in the region. Finally, skateboarding or any other play should be experienced by children. Let children be children to have fun and have a sense of wonder in discovering the world. Play by itself with an atmosphere of laughing children creates a positive society where

The devil's highway Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

The devil's highway - Essay Example The problem between the Mexican and US borders needs to be viewed from the humanitarian angle. But unfortunately it is (mis)managed and treated as if it is a war-zone. The book by Luis Alberto Urrea, â€Å"The Devil’s Highway: A True Story,† highlights a grave incident. More must have happened in the past. This highway is managed by insensitive personnel, with devilish tendencies. In May 2001, twenty-six Mexican men smuggled themselves through the border and reached an area of the deadly Arizona desert known as the Devil’s Highway. The dangers ahead were well-known to them. Yet for the sake of a bright career, they mortgaged their lives. Through the arduous journey, 14 died and 12 reached their destination. The author describes the disposal of the dead bodies thus: â€Å"The dead bodies, dense and dark, were zipped into bags and delivered to the loading docks.† (Urrea, p.191)The hurdles before them were obvious-- La Migra-the US Border patrol, the Mexican Federals, gung-ho gringo vigilantes, who invariably took law into their own hands, the burning 110 degree sun that spared none, the rattlesnakes, and what not! The coy otes were the group’s smugglers, who specialized in such adventurous clandestine immigration activity. While narrating the grim tragedy that struck this group of 26, the author analyzes the economic factors and the harsh immigration policy, which creates the artificial barrier between the peoples. The conditions at both the borders are no helpful; they are exploitative. The saga of the twenty-six men contains the important message for the right-thinking people of both the countries, Mexico and USA. The pages of human history are daubed in bloodshed in the name religion, race, color and territorial aggrandizement and they raise several crying questions for humanity. Industrialization, internet revolution, material civilization and globalization have added one more acute problem to the existing woes of the humanity—that of